Actinium Facts - Element 89 or Ac

Actinium is the radioactive element that has atomic number 89 and element symbol Ac. It was the first non-primordial radioactive element to be isolated, although other radioactive elements had been observed before actinium. This element possesses several unusual and interesting characteristics. Here are the properties, uses, and sources of Ac. Actinium Facts Actinium is a soft, silver-colored metal that glows pale blue in the dark because the radioactivity ionizes air. Actinium reacts with moisture and oxygen to form a white coating of actinium oxide that protects the underlying metal from further oxidation. The shear modulus of element 89 is estimated to be similar to that of lead.Andre Debierne claimed discovery of an element he named actinium, working from a sample of pitchblende supplied by Marie and Pierre Curie. Debierne was unable to isolate the new element (which modern analysis reveals might not have been element 89, but rather protactinium). Friedrich Oskar Giesel independently discovered actinium in 1902, calling it emamium. Giesel went on to become the first person to isolate a pure sample of the element. Debiernes name was retained because his discovery had seniority. The name comes from the Ancient Greek word aktinos, which means ray or beam.The actinide series of elements, a group of metals between actinium and lawrencium possessing similar properties, takes its name from actinium. Actinium is considered the first transition metal in period 7 (although sometimes lawrencium is assigned that position).Although the element gives its name to the actinide group, most of the chemical properties of actinium are similar to those of lanthanum and other lanthanides.The most common oxidation state of actinium is 3. Actinium compounds have similar properties to lanthanum compounds.Natural actinium is a mix of two isotopes: Ac-227 and Ac-228. Ac-227 is the most abundant isotope. It is primarily a beta emitter, but 1.3% of decays yield alpha particles. Thirty-six isotopes have been characterized. The most stable is Ac-227, which has a half-life of 21.772 years. Actinium also has two meta states.Actinium occurs naturally in trace amounts in uranium and thorium ores. Because its difficult to isolate the element from ore, the most common way to produce actinium is by neutron irradiation of Ra-226. Milligram samples m ay be prepared in this manner within nuclear reactors.To date, there has been minimum industrial use of actinium because it is rare and expensive. The isotope actinium-227 might have use in radioisotope thermoelectric generators. Ac-227 pressed with beryllium is a good neutron source and may be used as a neutron probe for well logging, radiochemistry, radiography, and tomography. Actinium-225 is used for radiation cancer treatment.  Ac-227 may also be used to model water mixing in the ocean.There is no known biological function for actinium. It is both radioactive and toxic. It is considered slightly less toxic than the radioactive element plutonium and americium. When rats were injected with actinium trichloride, about half of the actinium was deposited in the liver and one-third into the bones. Because of the health risk it presents, actinium and its compounds should only be handled with a glove box. Actinium Properties Element Name: Actinium Element Symbol: Ac Atomic Number: 89 Atomic Weight: (227) First Isolated By (Discoverer):  Friedrich Oskar Giesel (1902) Named By:  Andrà ©-Louis Debierne (1899) Element Group: group 3, d block, actinide, transition metal Element Period: period 7 Electron Configuration:  [Rn] 6d1  7s2 Electrons per Shell:  2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 9, 2 Phase: solid Melting Point:  1500  K  (1227  Ã‚ °C, 2240  Ã‚ °F)   Boiling Point:3500  K (3200  °C, 5800  °F)  extrapolated value Density:  10  g/cm3 near room temperature Heat of Fusion: 14 kJ/mol Heat of Vaporization: 400 kJ/mol Molar Heat Capacity:  27.2  J/(mol ·K) Oxidation States:  3, 2 Electronegativity: 1.1 (Pauling scale) Ionization Energy: 1st:  499  kJ/mol, 2nd:  1170  kJ/mol, 3rd:  1900  kJ/mol Covalent Radius: 215 picometers Crystal Structure: face-centered cubic (FCC) Sources Debierne, Andrà ©-Louis (1899). Sur un nouvelle matià ¨re radio-active. Comptes Rendus (in French). 129: 593–595.Emsley, John (2011).  Natures building blocks: An A-Z Guide to the Elements. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-960563-7.Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997).  Chemistry of the Elements  (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.Hammond, C. R. (2004). The Elements, in  Handbook of Chemistry and Physics  (81st ed.). CRC press. ISBN 978-0-8493-0485-9.Weast, Robert (1984).  CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.

Confucianism Religion, Religions, Ideologies, And...

Over the course of history many beliefs, religions, ideologies and philosophies have risen and declined thorough out humanity. These religions have their origins, a set of beliefs, a follower-ship, religious or important texts, a spread of the religion, views on women, dietary habits, holidays and like any thing else it has critiques. These are all important aspect when talking about a religion. Religions describe societies and set moral standard of those people who choose to follow said religion. These religions are a good historical insight into the minds of the ancient people whom crafted these religions and follow them. There is many misconceptions of any religion which can create a bias against learning about the religion. By doing†¦show more content†¦As China expanded as well as trade the religion was naturally talked about with rulers and people alike converting. Territories close to China adopted Confucianism mainly through interaction like trade and local rivalries . The spread of Confucianism much less rapid in modern times but however a large people converted in the Nineteen thirties into the late Nineteen forties as Imperial Japan invaded islands on the pacific and mainland countries as well. With their conquest they heard about Confucian ideology and would bring these ideologies back home to mainland Japan, where some Japanese converted to Confucianism. Confucianism originated in Ancient China. It was devised by Confucius (A.K.A Kongzi) an ancient Chinese Philosopher born in 551 BC. His father was a military officer and died when Confucius was just 3 years old and was raised primarily by his Mother. He was married at 19 and had a kid, his second one was believed to have died in labor. He would collect the history of ancient china and write it down in what is called the Analects, which is where much of our knowledge of ancient china comes from. His teachings were based on the belief that humans behave ethically and had a seed of virtue. He believe all humans were naturally good until coerced and persuadedShow MoreRelatedConfucianism, Buddhism, And Beliefs Of Gods1206 Words   |  5 Pagesdiscussing Confucianism. By some people’s viewpoint Confucianism is a religion and by others viewpoints it is a philosophy. This is because Confucianism does not worship a God, or higher being, and they do not perform specific practices or many rituals. The famous philosopher Confucius founded Confucianism in the 5th Century BC in China. In this essay I will be focusing on three aspects of religion in Confucianism: Teachings, Rituals, and beliefs of Gods, or Supernatural beings. Confucianism focusesRead MoreConfucianism : Religion Or Philosophy? Essay1074 Words   |  5 PagesConfucianism: Religion or Philosophy? Most ancient philosophical ideas developed in the ancient Chinese empires are believed to have their roots from Confucius. Confucianism was a simple way of life propagated by Confucius around the fifth and sixth century BC. Often perceived as a religion and other times as philosophy, it is conceivably best unspoken as a comprehensive humanism that neither slights nor denies heaven. The Chinese populaces have devotedly observed Confucianism for nearly two millenniaRead MoreSocial Philosophy Of Confucianism1398 Words   |  6 PagesConfucianism was founded by the philosopher Confucius who was born in 551 in the Lu state of China (Biography.com Editors 2017). Confucius’s teachings focused on creating ethical models of family and public interactions and setting educational standards (Biography.com Editors 2017). Confucius died in 479 B.C., but Confucianism became the official imperial philosophy of China and its influence was significant during the Han, Tang and Song Dynasties ( Biography.com Editors 2017). 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The overall goal of each philosophy was to set a standard of acceptable living that would ensure harmony and success for the society. However, each was different and thus had different results. Legalism is a philosophy emphasizing strict obedience to the legal system. It was one of theRead MoreThe Han Dynasty1195 Words   |  5 Pagesthe teachings of Daoism, Legalism and Confucianism. At the time that Liu Bang first founded the Han dynasty the basic structures of the Qin state were retained, and the ideology of the Qin state initially drifted deeper and deeper into a Legalist and Daoist union. Many elements of these ancient philosophies can be distinguished in the religious and superstitious beliefs and practices that were performed in Han China. The implementation of these three philosophies during a time of political corruptionRead MoreBuddhism Is An Indispensable Element Of Chinese And Formation Of Mahayana Buddhism Essay1477 Words   |  6 PagesBuddhism has been the main religion of china for several thousands of years. In fact, Buddhism is an indispensable element of Chinese philosophy and literature. As we all know, Buddhism originated in India and first spread to China around 100BC. Nevertheless, (Mahayana) Buddhism in China separated itself from the mainstream Buddhism and created a new form of Bodhisattva precept instead of following the Indian Vinaya precept. In fact , the distinct Chinese history and culture played significantRead MoreSimilarities And Differences Between Confucianism And Christianity1425 Words   |  6 Pages Sometimes, life provides us with a challenge of either conforming to two ideologies or forgoing one and upholding the other. Being able to be both a Confucian and a Christian depends on how one weighs the similarities and differences of either part. It is well-acknowledged that both Confucianism and Christianity are significant. Their teachings have aided to form the value systems of Eastern and Western and cultures, which have navigated millions of people in behavior, spirit, mind, behaviorRead MoreThe Link Between Mahayana Buddhism And Chinese Culture1476 Words   |  6 Pages The link betwee n Mahayana Buddhism and Chinese Culture Buddhism has been the main religion of china for several thousands of years. In fact, Buddhism is an indispensable element of Chinese philosophy and literature. As we all know, Buddhism originated in India and first spread to China around 100BC. Nevertheless, (Mahayana) Buddhism in China separated itself from the mainstream Buddhism and created a new form of Bodhisattva precept instead of following the Indian Vinaya preceptRead MoreThe Founding Of Choson From The Korean Peninsula1400 Words   |  6 Pagesmilitary, society, and religion had all changed especially the religion. The founding of Choson can be interpreted as a religious revolution because reform-minded Confucian scholars wanted to a change. In Late Koryo, Buddhism had corrupted so much that even one of their own members wrote to fix a decadence in their religion. Confucians scholars blamed the Buddhists’ mismanagement to justify their action of building a new dynasty . The shift of a state from Buddhism to Neo-Confucianism with the transition

Negative Effects Of Internet Monitoring - 1635 Words

Internet Monitoring Weapons, Secrets, and Music, all of which are obtainable over the internet. All of which can have a dramatic effect on our society. Even though we have the 1st Amendment and gives us the right to free speech in the United States, it was drafted before the internet. The internet has become a gold mine of information, not to mention, anyone can make purchases over the internet from other countries. What about National Security? Many groups have committed all sorts of cyber-attacks on government computers from over the web. With this availability, the internet needs to be monitored for everyone’s safety. The internet is being used by many types of traffickers. First, human traffickers have figured out ways to use the†¦show more content†¦In addition, a website may be hosted in Sweden, but the drug will come from Latin America and will be shipped by boat to South Africa, with dealers spread out across Europe, he said. It s a global network. States Th e worldwide policing organization’s Daniel Altmeyer. Furthermore, he also said while there are no statistics available for people buying drugs online, sales have rocketed, in the past few years. (11 Sep 2008 the telegraph Group). It was also mentioned that many people who may have purchased such items over the internet may have felt they were not doing anything wrong since they were obtained so easily. Internet Arms Trafficking has become more popular for obtaining illegal parts such as, conversion kits to make semi auto to make them full auto, along with illegal weapons like pipe bombs and silencers. With these items on the streets and possibly in the hands of would be wrong doers like that of gangs, drug dealers, or even domestic terrorist or for that matter even international terrorist who may come here and have these items shipped over. ATF experts estimated that hundreds of illegal weapons have been sent to the United States.† In 2002 confidential sources informe d the ATF about an Argentinean suspect selling machine guns long with other illegal items over the internet, in which the agency quickly established e-mail contact with the person and ordered these items which was disguised as machine gun parts. This tip lead to aShow MoreRelatedMonitoring and Survellaince of Employees642 Words   |  3 PagesMonitoring and survellaince of employees Pro One of the key benefits of monitoring employee computer activity is maximising workplace productivity. In today’s society, most workers spend the majority of their time on their computers and on the Internet. 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Financial Statement Analysis Australian Vintage Ltd

FINANCIAL STATEMENT ANALYSIS ANALYSIS OF PREPARED BY: MALIK JAMSHAIN ANJUM STUDENT ID: 151MAM5012 TABLE OF CONENTS: †¢ INTRODUCTION. COMPANY PROFILE †¢ SWOT ANALYSIS. INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL †¢ FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE: RATIO ANALYSIS 1. PROFITABILITY 2. LIQUIDITY 3. EQUITY 4. VALUATION 5. COMPANY PROFILE: AUSTRALIAN VINTAGE LTD details Winemaking, wine marketing and vineyard management Issuer code AVG Official listing date 26/03/1992 GICS industry group Food, Beverage Tobacco Exempt foreign? No Internet address http://www.australianvintage.com.au Registered office address 275 Sir Donald Bradman Drive, COWANDILLA, SA, AUSTRALIA, 5033 Head office telephone 08 8172 8333 Head office fax 08 8172 8399 Share registry COMPUTERSHARE INVESTOR SERVICES PTY LIMITED LEVEL 5, 115 GRENFELL STREET, ADELAIDE, SA, AUSTRALIA, 5000 Share registry telephone 1300 787 272 Directors/Senior management: Mr Ian D Ferrier Chairman, Director Mr Neil McGuigan CEO, Executive Director Mr Richard Davis Director Mr Perry R Gunner Director Mr Brian J McGuigan Director Mr Mike Noack CFO Company secretary: Mr Mike Noack Company Secretary Australian Vintage Limited is a leading Australian wine company. Championing a fully-integrated wine business model, the breadth of our capabilities extends to vineyards, boutique and bulk wine production, packaging, marketing and distribution. 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Which Is More Important Education or Money free essay sample

Money in today’s world is that gem which can get one to their salvation but the greed that it brings upon one is vary dangerous. To use money in the wisest way would be the greatest deed. Education on the other hand, provides moral knowledge to people, which help them to learn from their past and act well in the present and future. It helps them control the greed and abstains them from trampling. But nothing in this immoral world is free, like wise even education always come at a cost. The better education one wants to receive the costlier it gets. Money is much more important than education in today’s world because education itself requires a lot of money and without money receiving education would be impossible. One can be educated but without proper jobs and earnings, she can still starve to death; but if she has money then she always has a place on this earth. We will write a custom essay sample on Which Is More Important Education or Money? or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The basic need of life, i. e. food, is as close as impossible to obtain without money. Famine through poverty is likely to be face without money. The other basic needs, shelter and clothing is more impossible to have without money. Much money is spent on research and other scientific programs where money plays the key role. Only those rich countries, which can afford these facilities, get the best research centers where as the third world countries, no matter how intelligent people it has, it still thrives to provide basic education to its people. Who said money cannot buy happiness? In this generation a person with a master’s degree can be riding rickshaw for their livelihood where as a person without good education is a billionaire. To compare them it is obvious to be noticed that the billionaire is having much more happier luxurious life where as the rickshaw person sweating all day just to provide enough food for himself and his family. Rich people always get the best of everything, not the most educated. For example if a well-educated doctor is suffering through piles, he has the potential of being completely cured, but due to lack of money his treatment will be unfeasible and this may even lead to his death. If the same person was rich he could hire best of the best doctors for his treatment and could be completely cured. Education is one of the important factors of life too. It enhances our daily lifestyle and makes our living easier. The advancement in the technology and the invention of new gadgets are all-possible through good knowledge, i. e. education. Good knowledge will always help one find the better path in life. It will help differentiate between the virtues and deprave. But no matter how much the thrust of education is upon one, if they are given a poor financial condition, they can never receive good education. Today’s world revolves around money. Money can get you the best education, the best health care and the best mansion one ever longed for. If there is money they can fly to every country they want, they can do what ever they want. The richest always get the first priority in the world. Money provides the independence in an individual, which no other source can. Being free of financial depts. will lead to the individuality. Money is that quintessential thing without which living is left incomplete and ruthless.

Different metaphors within an art work Essay Example For Students

Different metaphors within an art work Essay This print implies punishment made by a dishonest power. It took place in the early 1900s and involves an action taken by a KKK member. I would think that this print was published to show the public at the time what the reality was and how cruel and twisted were some of our political powers. The KKK clan member looks like a judge because you notice that he is holding a court hammer his left hand. Not only that but the rope hanging around his neck only contributes to me thinking he is a judge and that he sentences someone wrongfully. The lines on the back of the print make me feel as if the decision was made on a dark rainy day, or that this judge is a dark and evil person. Having his right hand up and a Christian cross on his head makes me think that he feels he is doing the right thing he is imposing his power as god being his witness. This print is well balanced out by the hammer in the left hand and the right hand upward position. It really gets to the point and the meaning is very obvious. Your attention is quickly drawn to the KKK member face and hammer. After doing some research I have discovered that this print was made because of a court case that convicted nine male African-Americans of raping two girls. And although there was no evidence eight were convicted to death by the first day. A protest arose because of the court case decision including communist parties and involving both north and south. People were saint that these men were framed and sentenced wrongfully. But through all the all protest fight (that lasted a period of 30year) the Supreme Court overturned the decision and each of the defendants spent six to nineteen years in prism. To me this is not only a art work print that describes and keeps in memory this wrongfully made decision but also show only one of the many struggles that African-American have suffered through.